Locative for Beginners in Slovenian
Slovenian ⋙
Slovenian A1
Welcome to our Slovenian grammar course for beginners! Today, we're going to talk about the
locative case - "
Mestnik" in Slovenian grammar.
Locative
Before reading the article, we recommend you to read the lessons about
nominative,
genitive,
dative,
accusative and
instrumental.
The locative case, or "mestnik," as it's commonly known, is primarily used with prepositions, hence the name. Nouns in this case answer the questions:
kje? (where),
o kom? (about whom),
o čim? (about what). Here are the instances in which this occurs:
- With
prepositions "
v," "
na," "
ob," "
po," and "
pri," answering the question
kje? (where).
Examples:
Šola je (kje) v centru (The school is (where) in the center);
Mi smo (kje) na hribu (We are (where) on the hill);
Stoimo (kje) pri hiši (We stand (where) next to the house);
Potujemo (kje) po Sloveniji (We travel (where) through Slovenia);
Sprehajamo se (kje) ob reki (We take walks (where) by the river).
- With the preposition "
po," answering the question
kdaj? (when).
Example:
(kdaj) Po službi grem v supermarket (After work, I go to the supermarket).
- With the preposition "
o," answering the question
o kom? (about whom),
o čim? (about what).
Example:
Povedal bom (o čim) o potovanju (I will talk (about what) about the trip).
Singular
Now, let's take a look at the endings of nouns and adjectives in the singular:
(O) Velikem psu - About the big dog (masculine);
(O) Dobrem filmu - About the good movie (masculine);
(O) Moji prijateljici - About my friend (feminine);
(O) Zanimivi stvari - About the interesting thing (feminine);
(O) Nedeljskem kosilu - About the Sunday lunch (neuter);
(O) Športnem igrišču - About the sports field (neuter).
In the masculine and neuter genders, both nouns ("
-u") and adjectives ("
-em") have the same endings. In the feminine gender, both adjectives and nouns have the ending "
-i."
Dual / Plural
In the dual and plural forms, the endings of the locative case are the same for both nouns and adjectives. So, let's present them in a single table:
(O) Velikih psih - About the big dogs (masculine);
(O) Dobrih filmih - About the good movies (masculine);
(O) Mojih prijateljicah - About my friends (feminine);
(O) Zanimivih stvareh - About the interesting things (feminine);
(O) Nedeljskih kosilih - About the Sunday lunches (neuter);
(O) Športnih igriščih - About the sports fields (neuter).
Just like in the singular, in the dual and plural forms, nouns have the same ending "
-ih." The same ending applies to adjectives. However, nouns in the feminine gender have endings "
-ah" or "
-eh."
Summary
So, we have completed the series of articles about cases in Slovenian. We hope that the information has been presented fairly clearly and structured. If you don't understand something, you are always able to read the article about
nominative and other cases.
Anyway, you should understand the key features of Slovenian cases, and we look forward to seeing you in our next lessons. Good luck!
